Published on: 2025-06-14 | Written by: Dr. Ahmed Mustafa Abdel Moneim, Orthopedic and Fracture Surgery
Many people confuse knee osteoarthritis with arthritis, although both cause knee pain and affect daily movement. However, the cause, nature of the disease, and treatment options differ. In this article, Dr. Ahmed Mostafa Abdel Moneim explains the key differences between knee osteoarthritis and arthritis, their causes, diagnostic methods, and effective treatment approaches.
Knee osteoarthritis is a chronic degenerative condition resulting from the gradual wearing away of the cartilage that cushions the ends of the bones in the joint. Over time, joint flexibility decreases, and the synovial fluid diminishes, leading to bone-on-bone friction.
Pain during movement or prolonged standing
Crackling or popping sounds when moving the knee
Difficulty climbing stairs
Morning stiffness
Mild swelling at times
Aging
Excess body weight
Previous injuries
Genetic predisposition
Overuse of the joint
Arthritis is a general term for conditions involving inflammation of the joints, with various types, most notably:
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Psoriatic Arthritis
Gout
Persistent and severe joint pain
Redness and warmth around the joint
Noticeable swelling
Morning stiffness lasting over 30 minutes
Systemic symptoms like fever and fatigue (especially with autoimmune types)
Autoimmune disorders
Viral or bacterial infections
Metabolic disorders (such as gout)
Genetic factors
Criteria | Knee Osteoarthritis | Arthritis |
---|---|---|
Nature | Degenerative (cartilage wear) | Inflammatory (autoimmune/infectious) |
Typical Age Group | Common in people over 50 | Can appear at younger ages |
Systemic Symptoms | Rarely involves fever or fatigue | Often includes fever and general fatigue |
Lab Tests | Usually normal | May show inflammatory markers in blood |
Treatment Response | Improves with movement & physiotherapy | Requires anti-inflammatory or immunosuppressive drugs |
Dr. Ahmed Mostafa Abdel Moneim emphasizes that accurate diagnosis starts with a thorough clinical evaluation and may include:
X-rays of the knee
Blood tests (especially in suspected inflammatory arthritis)
MRI in some cases
Joint fluid analysis when needed
Weight management
Physiotherapy sessions
Supplements (e.g., glucosamine)
Injections (PRP or hyaluronic acid)
Surgery in advanced cases (such as knee replacement)
Anti-inflammatory medications
Immunomodulatory drugs (for rheumatoid arthritis)
Uric acid-lowering medications (for gout)
Physical therapy to maintain joint function