Viral vs. Bacterial Infections with Dr. Akram Fayed: Key Differences and Treatment

Professor Dr. Akram Mohamed Fayed, Consultant of Internal Medicine and Professor of Critical Care, explains the crucial difference between viral and bacterial infections, when antibiotics are necessary, and when the immune system just needs support.

What’s the Difference Between Viral and Bacterial Infections?

Viral infections are caused by viruses entering the body, such as flu, common cold, or COVID-19. Bacterial infections, on the other hand, result from harmful bacteria multiplying inside the body, like strep throat or bacterial pneumonia.

Dr. Akram Fayed emphasizes that symptoms may look similar, but there are key differences in severity and response to treatment.

When Are Antibiotics Needed?

• Bacterial infections: Often require antibiotics, especially with persistent high fever, pus, or clear signs of localized infection.

• Viral infections: Typically do not require antibiotics. Rest, fluids, and immune support are sufficient unless a secondary bacterial infection develops.

Dr. Akram Fayed warns that overuse of antibiotics weakens immunity and contributes to dangerous antibiotic resistance.

How to Tell the Difference at Home?

• Duration of symptoms: Viral infections tend to start mild and improve gradually. Bacterial ones start suddenly and are more intense.

• Fever: Very high fever with localized pain (like in the throat or chest) may suggest a bacterial cause.

• Fast improvement with antibiotics: Bacterial infections often respond quickly to antibiotics.

When to See a Doctor?

If symptoms last more than three days without improvement, or if you experience shortness of breath, severe pain, or continuous vomiting, Dr. Akram Fayed strongly recommends seeking medical help.

Dr. Akram Fayed’s Advice

Never start antibiotics without a prescription, and don’t pressure your doctor to prescribe them if unnecessary. Accurate diagnosis is the key to effective recovery.