Published on: 2025-06-18 | Written by: Dr. Osama Al-Bahr, Professor of Hepatology, Gastroenterology and Endoscopy
Endoscopy is one of the most important diagnostic and therapeutic tools in hepatology and gastroenterology. With the advancement of medical technologies, endoscopy has become a precise and safe method to investigate symptoms like abdominal pain, swallowing difficulties, or gastrointestinal bleeding. In this article, Dr. Osama El Bahr, Professor of Hepatology, Gastroenterology, and Endoscopy, explains the essential role of endoscopy in evaluating various conditions.
Endoscopy involves a thin, flexible tube with a tiny camera inserted into the upper or lower gastrointestinal tract to directly visualize the internal organs. It helps diagnose conditions of the stomach, esophagus, colon, intestines, and liver.
According to Dr. Osama El Bahr, endoscopy is recommended in several cases for accurate evaluation, including:
Persistent symptoms like reflux or pain unresponsive to treatment
Chronic vomiting or difficulty swallowing
Gastrointestinal bleeding (upper or lower tract)
Suspected gastric ulcers or colon cancer
Routine follow-up for patients with chronic liver disease
Type | Upper GI Endoscopy | Lower GI Endoscopy |
---|---|---|
Area Examined | Esophagus – Stomach – Duodenum | Colon – Rectum |
Preparation | Fasting 6–8 hours | Bowel preparation with solution |
Anesthesia | Local or mild sedation | Usually mild sedation |
Duration | 10–15 minutes | 20–30 minutes |
Dr. Osama El Bahr emphasizes that endoscopy is a highly accurate tool for diagnosing:
Gastric ulcers and inflammation
Early-stage gastrointestinal tumors
Sources of bleeding
Collecting tissue samples (biopsies)
It also allows therapeutic procedures such as removing polyps, dilating strictures, or stopping bleeding.
Dr. Osama El Bahr assures that most patients feel no significant pain during the procedure, especially with local anesthesia or mild sedation. The procedure is performed in a safe, controlled environment by a specialized medical team.
If you experience chronic symptoms like:
Persistent acid reflux
Unexplained abdominal pain
Sudden weight loss
Blood in stool
Family history of GI diseases
You should consult a doctor. Dr. Osama El Bahr will assess your condition and determine whether an endoscopy is necessary for diagnosis or treatment.