The liver is one of the most vital organs in the human body, performing hundreds of essential functions necessary for maintaining overall health. It is located in the upper right side of the abdomen and is responsible for detoxifying the blood, producing bile, and regulating blood sugar and fat metabolism.

Professor Dr. Nabil Dweidar, Professor of Gastrointestinal Surgery and Endoscopy at the Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, emphasizes that maintaining liver health is essential for preserving overall bodily functions and preventing many chronic diseases.

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What Are the Functions of the Liver?

The liver performs numerous vital functions that help the body operate efficiently, including:

• Detoxifying the blood from harmful substances and toxins

• Producing bile needed for fat digestion

• Storing essential vitamins and minerals

• Regulating blood sugar levels

• Producing proteins responsible for blood clotting

• Metabolizing drugs and hormones

• Supporting the immune system and fighting infections

Dr. Nabil Dweidar explains that the liver has a remarkable ability to regenerate, but neglecting liver-related health problems may lead to progressive deterioration of its function.

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Common Liver Diseases

There are many diseases that can affect the liver, including:

• Fatty liver disease

• Viral hepatitis

• Liver cirrhosis

• Liver failure

• Liver tumors

• Bile duct disorders

• Autoimmune liver diseases

Dr. Nabil Dweidar emphasizes that early diagnosis of liver diseases significantly improves treatment outcomes and reduces complications.

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Causes of Liver Diseases

The causes vary depending on the type of liver condition, but common risk factors include:

• Viral hepatitis infections

• Obesity and overweight

• Diabetes mellitus

• High blood lipid levels

• Excessive use of medications without medical supervision

• Exposure to toxic substances

• Genetic factors

• Autoimmune disorders

• Unhealthy diet

Dr. Nabil Dweidar notes that lifestyle modification and management of risk factors can significantly reduce the likelihood of developing many liver diseases.

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Symptoms of Liver Diseases

In early stages, symptoms may not be obvious. However, as the condition progresses, patients may experience:

• Persistent fatigue

• Loss of appetite

• Nausea and vomiting

• Pain or heaviness in the upper right abdomen

• Yellowing of the skin and eyes (jaundice)

• Dark-colored urine

• Swelling in the legs or abdomen

• Itchy skin

Dr. Nabil Dweidar confirms that the appearance of these symptoms requires medical evaluation to determine the underlying cause.

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How Are Liver Diseases Diagnosed?

Diagnosis involves several steps, including:

• Reviewing the patient’s medical history

• Clinical examination

• Liver function tests

• Viral hepatitis screening

• Abdominal ultrasound

• CT scan or MRI when needed

• Liver biopsy in some cases

Dr. Nabil Dweidar explains that selecting the appropriate diagnostic tests depends on the patient’s condition and symptoms.

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Latest Treatment Methods for Liver Diseases

Treatment depends on the type and severity of the disease and may include:

Drug Therapy

Medications are used to treat viral infections and manage symptoms and complications.

Lifestyle Modification

Includes weight loss, regular exercise, and maintaining a healthy diet.

Endoscopic and Surgical Procedures

Some cases may require endoscopic or surgical interventions to manage complications.

Liver Transplantation

Liver transplantation is considered for advanced cases of liver failure.

Dr. Nabil Dweidar emphasizes that adherence to treatment plans and regular follow-up significantly improves patients’ quality of life and reduces complications.

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Tips for Maintaining Liver Health

To maintain a healthy liver and prevent disease, it is recommended to:

• Follow a balanced and healthy diet

• Maintain a healthy body weight

• Exercise regularly

• Avoid self-medication

• Receive recommended vaccinations against hepatitis viruses

• Undergo regular medical check-ups, especially for high-risk individuals

• Avoid exposure to harmful chemicals

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When Should You See a Doctor?

Medical consultation is necessary when persistent symptoms appear, such as jaundice, abdominal pain, loss of appetite, or severe fatigue. Early diagnosis plays a crucial role in preventing disease progression and improving treatment outcomes.

In conclusion, the liver is an essential organ that plays a central role in maintaining overall health. Adopting a healthy lifestyle, undergoing regular check-ups, and seeking medical advice when symptoms appear are key steps in preventing liver diseases and preserving liver function.