DEXA bone density scan benefits preparation results

Has your doctor recommended a DEXA scan? Are you wondering about its importance in assessing bone health and preventing osteoporosis? In this medical guide from Dalili Medical, we provide everything you need to know about the DEXA scan (Bone Density Test): what it is, why it's used, how it's done, and when you might need it.

What is a DEXA Scan?
A DEXA scan, short for Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry, is a painless and highly accurate test used to measure bone mineral density (BMD). It is considered the gold standard for diagnosing osteoporosis and assessing fracture risk, especially in postmenopausal women and older adults.

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Why Is a DEXA Scan Ordered?

Doctors may request a DEXA scan for the following reasons:

• To assess the risk of developing osteoporosis

• To diagnose bone loss or low bone density

• To monitor the effectiveness of osteoporosis treatment

• For patients with chronic illnesses that affect bone density, such as:

  • Diabetes

  • Thyroid disorders

  • Long-term corticosteroid use

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Who Should Get a DEXA Scan?

People recommended for a DEXA scan include:

• Women over 65 years old

• Men over 70 years old

• Anyone with noticeable height loss

• Individuals with unexplained bone fractures

• People with a family history of osteoporosis

• Patients with conditions affecting calcium absorption

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How Is a DEXA Scan Performed?

Steps:

Preparation:

• Fasting is not usually required

• Avoid calcium supplements for 24 hours before the test

During the Scan:

• You'll lie on a flat scanning table

• A small arm-like device scans the body, typically focusing on the spine and hips

• The scan is painless and takes 10–20 minutes

Results:

The results are shown using two main scores:

• T-score: Compares your bone density with that of a healthy young adult

• Z-score: Compares your bone density with people of the same age and sex

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Understanding DEXA Scan Results

T-score	Interpretation
T ≥ -1	Normal bone density
T between -1 and -2.5	Low bone mass (osteopenia)
T ≤ -2.5	Osteoporosis

 

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DEXA Scan vs. Other Imaging Tests

Test	Function	Key Differences
DEXA	Measures bone density	High accuracy, low radiation
X-ray	Shows bone shape	Can’t detect early bone loss
CT Scan	3D imaging	Not designed to measure bone density
PET or MRI	Functional imaging	Not used for osteoporosis diagnosis

 

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Is the DEXA Scan Safe?

✅ Yes, it is very safe:

• Uses extremely low doses of radiation

• Completely painless

• Not recommended during pregnancy purely as a precaution

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How Often Should You Get a DEXA Scan?

• If results are normal: Every 2 to 5 years

• If results are abnormal: Every 1 to 2 years, based on doctor’s advice

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Tips for Maintaining Bone Health

• Ensure adequate calcium and vitamin D intake

• Do regular weight-bearing and resistance exercises

• Avoid smoking and limit alcohol

• Cut back on carbonated drinks

• Monitor your bone density if you're at risk

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Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

❓ Is a DEXA scan painful?
✅ No, it’s completely painless and similar to a regular X-ray.

❓ How long does a DEXA scan take?
✅ Typically between 10 to 20 minutes.

❓ Does insurance cover DEXA scans?
✅ Often, yes—especially when there’s a clear risk factor for osteoporosis.

❓ Can I have a DEXA scan while on osteoporosis medication?
✅ Yes, it’s recommended to track how well the treatment is working.

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Conclusion

The DEXA scan is a safe, effective, and essential tool for early diagnosis of osteoporosis and bone loss. Early detection means you can take preventive steps to avoid fractures and maintain strong bones. If you're in a high-risk group, talk to your doctor about whether a DEXA scan is right for you. Taking action today can protect your health tomorrow.