Toxoplasma is an important test for diagnosing pregnancy infection

Has your doctor asked you to undergo a Toxoplasma IgG / IgM test?These tests play a key role in detecting toxoplasmosis, a parasitic infection that often shows no symptoms but can be dangerous in certain situations—especially during pregnancy or in people with weakened immune systems.In this comprehensive guide from Dalili Medical, we’ll walk you through everything you need to know about the Toxoplasma IgG and IgM tests:

• What they mean

• When they are recommended

• The difference between IgG and IgM antibodies

• How to interpret the results—especially in pregnant women and newborns.

 What is Toxoplasma gondii?

Toxoplasma gondii is a parasite that can infect humans through:

• Eating undercooked or raw meat

• Contact with infected cat feces

• Contaminated soil or unwashed vegetables

• Mother-to-child transmission during pregnancy

While most people experience no symptoms, the infection can cause serious complications in:

• Pregnant women (risk to the fetus)

• Immunocompromised patients (e.g., HIV, cancer)

• Newborns (if infected in the womb)

 What is the Toxoplasma IgG / IgM Test?

This blood test detects antibodies your immune system produces in response to the parasite:

• IgM: Indicates a recent or active infection

• IgG: Indicates a past infection and possible immunity

 When is the Toxoplasma Test Ordered?

Doctors may recommend it if you:

• Are pregnant, especially during the first trimester

• Have symptoms such as swollen lymph nodes or unexplained fever

• Experienced recurrent miscarriages or fetal abnormalities

• Have a weakened immune system

• Have a newborn with suspected congenital infection

 Understanding Your Results

 What Do the Results Mean During Pregnancy?

• IgG & IgM Negative: No infection; important to follow preventive practices

• IgG Positive, IgM Negative: Past infection, immune system has protection

• IgM Positive: May indicate recent infection; confirm with IgG Avidity Test:

  • Low avidity: Recent infection → higher risk to fetus

  • High avidity: Older infection → low risk to fetus

⚠️ Common Symptoms of Toxoplasmosis

In healthy individuals:

• Mild flu-like symptoms

• Swollen lymph nodes

• Fatigue

In pregnancy:

• Often no symptoms in the mother

• Risks to the fetus: brain damage, vision issues, miscarriage

In immunocompromised patients:

• Encephalitis (brain inflammation)

• Eye complications

• Life-threatening conditions

 How to Prevent Toxoplasma Infection

Especially important for pregnant women:

• Cook meat thoroughly (no pink color)

• Wash vegetables and fruits well

• Avoid handling cat litter or wear gloves

• Use gloves while gardening

• Drink only clean, safe water

⏱️ Do You Need to Fast for the Test?

No. Fasting is not required for Toxoplasma IgG / IgM testing.

❗ Can the Test Show False Results?

Yes. False-positive IgM results may occur. That’s why doctors often order:

• IgG Avidity Test – to confirm the timing of infection

• PCR Test – especially useful for testing amniotic fluid in pregnancy

❓ FAQs: Toxoplasma IgG / IgM

Is toxoplasmosis always dangerous?
No. It's usually mild in healthy people but serious in pregnancy or weakened immunity.

How common is toxoplasmosis?
Very common. Many people have had it without knowing and developed lifelong immunity.

Can toxoplasmosis be treated?
Yes. Active infections, especially during pregnancy, can be treated with medications like Spiramycin, Pyrimethamine, and Sulfadiazine under medical supervision.

Are these tests available everywhere?
IgG and IgM tests are widely available. Advanced tests like Avidity or PCR are often done in specialized labs.

✅ Summary

The Toxoplasma IgG / IgM test is an essential tool for diagnosing toxoplasmosis—especially during pregnancy or in people at higher risk. Accurate interpretation of results helps prevent complications and guides proper treatment.

If your doctor recommends this test, don’t panic. Early detection is key to protecting your health and the health of your baby.