Removal of a sebaceous cyst causes procedure steps and post surgery advice

A lipoma is one of the common skin problems that appears suddenly under the skin, causing concern for many people, either due to its appearance or the discomfort it causes. In this article, we will guide you step by step on how the lipoma removal process is done, when it should be performed, and how to take care of yourself after the surgery to avoid any complications. We will also answer the most common questions you may have: Is the procedure painful? How long does it take? And can the lipoma come back? If you’re looking for reliable and easy-to-understand information about lipoma removal, this medical guide article is for you.

Lipoma Removal Surgery: What Is It and How Is It Done?
Lipoma removal is a simple procedure in which the surgeon makes a small incision in the skin and then removes the fatty lump. After the lipoma is removed, the surrounding area is cleaned thoroughly, and the wound is closed using small stitches. The procedure usually takes only a few minutes and does not require a long recovery time, allowing the patient to return to their normal life quickly.

Are All Lumps Dangerous?
Not all lumps are dangerous to your health! There are many different types of lumps that may appear under the skin, and some are harmless.

Lipomas: These lumps form similarly to pimples but develop deeper under the skin.
Epidermoid cysts: These occur due to the accumulation of keratin beneath the skin.
Ganglion cysts: These often appear on tendons or joints, typically on the hands or feet.

Fortunately, these lumps are usually benign (non-cancerous). However, they can cause pain or pressure on the skin or surrounding tissues, which may affect self-confidence.

However, there are other types of lumps that may be more serious, especially those that form inside the body on internal organs like the reproductive organs, or in the spinal tissues or even the brain. These types of cysts require precise medical care as they could be a greater concern.

Are Lumps Always Benign?
Most lumps are non-cancerous, but in rare cases, some lumps may be cancerous. Therefore, it’s important to consult a doctor if you have any doubts about a lump, especially if there are unusual symptoms like severe pain or changes in size.

Do Lipomas Go Away on Their Own?
Sometimes, lipomas shrink and disappear over time, especially if they receive appropriate treatment. However, in most cases, lipomas remain and do not go away unless treated.

How to Deal with a Lipoma?
In some cases, a lipoma may drain on its own if the skin ruptures. However, the most common method for draining the contents of a lipoma is by puncturing it. This should only be done by a professional using sterile tools. The puncturing creates a small opening in the skin, allowing the fluids to drain out, which reduces pressure and provides immediate relief. But if the lining of the sack isn’t removed after the puncturing, the lipoma may return after a while.

When Is Lipoma Removal Necessary?
When should you remove a lipoma? In some cases, such as with cancerous lumps, they need to be removed as soon as possible. The earlier they are detected, the less chance they have of causing more damage or recurring. Inflammatory lumps also need to be removed quickly.

For benign (non-cancerous) lumps that have ruptured, draining them is usually enough to remove the remaining contents. However, if the lump has not ruptured and you want to get rid of it permanently, the solution is surgical removal.

What Is Surgical Removal?
Surgical removal is preferred for deep lumps that haven’t ruptured. In this procedure, the surgeon makes a small incision around the lump and removes the entire wall along with all its contents. The wound is then stitched up to promote fast healing.

How Is Lipoma Removal Performed?
Lipoma removal is a simple surgical procedure where the skin surrounding the lipoma is moved and opened using a sharp surgical blade. The lipoma is then carefully cut and its contents removed. Once the lipoma is removed, the wound is closed using surgical stitches, and the area is covered with a bandage to protect it.

This procedure is safe and effective and can be done in an outpatient clinic by a specialized surgeon. In some cases, a full surgical procedure may be recommended to remove the lipoma if it’s very large or located in a sensitive area.

How Long Does Lipoma Removal Take?
The duration of the procedure depends on the size and location of the lipoma, but it typically takes between 30 to 60 minutes. After the surgery, the patient may need to stay in the hospital for a short period for observation and to ensure there are no complications.

As for the recovery period, the wound typically takes a few days to two weeks to heal. In some cases, the patient may need a longer time to recover. It’s important for the patient to follow the doctor’s instructions after the surgery, such as avoiding strenuous activities and pressure on the treated area for several weeks until full recovery.

How Is a Sebaceous Cyst Removal Procedure Performed?

Sebaceous cyst removal is a simple surgical procedure. The doctor begins by moving the skin around the cyst and making a small incision using a sharp surgical blade. Then, the cyst is carefully separated and its contents are removed. Once the cyst is fully extracted, the wound is closed with stitches and covered with a dressing to protect the treated area.

This procedure is safe and effective, and it can be done in an outpatient clinic by a qualified surgeon. In some cases, a full surgical excision may be recommended if the cyst is too large or located in a sensitive area.

How Long Does Sebaceous Cyst Removal Take?

The duration of the procedure varies depending on the size and location of the cyst, but it usually takes between 30 to 60 minutes. After the operation, the patient may need to stay at the clinic for a short period for monitoring to ensure there are no complications.

As for recovery time, the wound usually heals within a few days to two weeks. In some cases, healing may take longer. It's important for the patient to follow the doctor's instructions after surgery, such as avoiding strenuous activity or pressure on the treated area for several weeks to allow complete healing.

Should You Try Removing a Sebaceous Cyst at Home?

Never try to remove a sebaceous cyst at home! There are many videos online showing home remedies, but these methods are ineffective and can be dangerous. Pressing or puncturing the cyst may cause it to come back after a while.

It's important to know that a cyst is a sac under the skin lined with cells, and the skin will keep producing those cells. So, if the entire sac isn’t removed, the cyst will refill over time.

Trying to pop the cyst at home can increase the risk of infection, skin damage, and scarring. The best way to deal with a sebaceous cyst is to keep it clean using water and soap, and to consult a dermatologist for professional removal.

What to Expect During Sebaceous Cyst Removal?

During the procedure, the doctor will identify the location of the cyst and numb the area using a local anesthetic (like lidocaine). You may feel a slight sting from the injection, but that’s usually the most uncomfortable part. After that, you won’t feel any pain during the removal.

Once the cyst is removed, the doctor will close the wound with both internal and external stitches to ensure proper healing from the inside out. Normally, the stitches stay in place for up to two months.

If the wound is stitched properly, it usually leaves only a small, barely noticeable scar. That’s why it’s important for the doctor to close the inner part too, because if the internal sac isn’t sealed well, it may leave a space under the skin that can cause future issues.

???? Important Tip: No home remedy can remove the cyst or close the wound as effectively as a trained dermatologist can.

What If the Cyst Bursts on Its Own?

If the cyst bursts spontaneously, you might be tempted to squeeze it to empty its contents—but that’s not recommended. It’s often very painful and doesn’t usually remove everything inside. The better option is to see a doctor, who can safely clean and empty the cyst and reduce the chances of it returning. The doctor may also prescribe pain relievers if needed.

Is the Procedure Painful?

Simply put: No, it’s not painful. If you can handle the sting of a small injection, you can handle the procedure. The local anesthetic will prevent you from feeling any pain during the cyst removal.

How Long Does the Procedure Take?

Sebaceous cyst removal is usually a quick and simple procedure, taking around 30 minutes or less in most cases. You can come in, get it done, and continue with your day as usual.

Can a Sebaceous Cyst Come Back After Removal?

Yes, unfortunately, the cyst can return after removal. This usually happens for reasons like:

Incomplete removal of the cyst, especially its inner lining.
Improper removal technique, which may cause fat cells to spread and form a new cyst.
Genetic factors—some people are more prone to developing cysts again.

That’s why it’s important to have the cyst removed thoroughly and professionally by a skilled doctor.

What Causes Sebaceous Cysts to Form?

A sebaceous cyst forms when a small opening in the skin becomes blocked. Imagine the skin like a balloon—when skin cells get trapped inside and have nowhere to go, they begin to collect and form a cyst. So the cyst is basically the result of a buildup of skin cells or oils in a closed area under the skin.

Is Sebaceous Cyst Removal Dangerous?

Not at all—the procedure is very simple and safe. The doctor makes a small incision and removes the entire cyst. There are no serious complications, and the wound is usually small and heals quickly, especially if you follow your doctor’s post-surgery care instructions.

When Should You See a Doctor About a Cyst?

You should see a doctor if you notice any of the following:

The cyst is oozing yellow discharge or has a bad smell.
Pain, redness, or warmth around the cyst.
Rapid growth or changes in appearance.
It’s starting to affect your skin or causing discomfort.

Can a Cyst Move or Go Away on Its Own?

Sometimes, a sebaceous cyst may shrink or go away on its own—especially if it’s small and not infected. But in most cases, the cyst stays in place or grows larger over time, and it can remain there for years if not treated.

What’s the Difference Between a Cyst and a Tumor?

There’s a big difference between the two:

Sebaceous Cyst: A soft, movable sac under the skin filled with fatty material or skin cells. It’s usually benign and non-cancerous.
Tumor: An abnormal growth of cells that may be benign or malignant. Tumors are usually harder and fixed in place and may require further tests to diagnose.

So, a cyst is soft and movable, while a tumor is often firm and immobile.

Types of Skin and Sebaceous Cysts:

There are many types of cysts that can appear on the body, and each type has its own causes, characteristics, and treatment approach. Let’s explore the most common types in a simple way:

Epidermoid Cyst
This is the most common type. It appears due to a buildup of keratin beneath the skin.
It is usually white or yellow and may release a foul-smelling substance.
Common locations: face, neck, shoulders, and back.
Sebaceous Cyst
Forms in sebaceous glands due to a blocked oil duct.
It contains an oily substance called sebum.
Common sites: face, back, scalp, and chest.
Note: Many people confuse this with the epidermoid cyst, but there’s a slight difference in their medical formation.
Apocrine Hidrocystoma
A rare cyst that usually appears around the eyes or on the face.
It looks clear or light blue and doesn’t grow quickly.
Pilar Cyst
Appears on the scalp, especially in women.
It originates from hair follicle cells and is often firm, growing larger over time.
Milia (in infants)
Small white dots under the skin, especially in newborns.
They’re painless and typically go away on their own without treatment.
Inflamed Sebaceous Cyst
If a cyst becomes infected, it becomes inflamed.
It appears red, painful, warm to the touch, and may ooze pus.

Other Cyst Types That Resemble Sebaceous Cysts:

Ganglion Cyst
Usually forms around joints or tendons, especially in the hand or wrist.
Filled with a clear, jelly-like fluid.
Not a sebaceous cyst, but it looks similar.
Dermoid Cyst
A rare type that may contain hair, fat, and even teeth!
It’s congenital and often appears near the eyes or ovaries.
Bartholin's Cyst
Forms in the Bartholin gland near the vaginal opening in women.
If infected, it can become painful and swollen and may require medical treatment.
Ovarian Cyst
Forms in or on the ovaries.
Many types resolve on their own, but some require monitoring or treatment.
Pilonidal Cyst
Appears near the tailbone, close to the anal area.
Often caused by ingrown hair and may turn into a painful abscess.
Typically requires surgical removal to prevent recurrence.
Colloid Cyst
Very rare, and it forms inside the brain.
If it grows, it can press on parts of the brain and cause neurological symptoms.

Why Do Sebaceous Cysts Suddenly Appear?

Sebaceous cysts form when there's a malfunction in the sebaceous glands that produce the skin’s natural oil (sebum). Key causes include:

Blocked or Damaged Sebaceous Glands
When the duct that releases oil becomes blocked, oils accumulate under the skin and form a lump.
This can be caused by:

Minor skin injuries (like acne).
Direct trauma to the skin, even if it's not visible.

Congenital Malformation of the Oil Duct
Some people are born with an abnormal gland structure, making them more prone to blockages even without trauma.
Post-Surgical Complications
Previous surgeries can damage skin cells or glands, leading to blockages and the eventual formation of a cyst.
Genetic Factors
Rare hereditary conditions such as:

Gardner’s Syndrome
Basal Cell Nevus Syndrome (Gorlin Syndrome)
These conditions make the body more prone to developing multiple sebaceous cysts.

Bacterial or Viral Infections
Infections can accelerate the accumulation of oil within the gland, especially if inflammation is involved, causing faster growth of the cyst.

How Does a Doctor Diagnose a Sebaceous Cyst?

Physical Examination
The first step is to observe the size, shape, and feel of the cyst.
If the doctor suspects something else like an abscess or tumor, they may order further tests.
Ultrasound Imaging
Used to determine if the cyst is solid or fluid-filled, helping the doctor decide the best treatment option.
CT Scan
Useful in complicated or deep cases that may require precise surgical intervention, as it gives a detailed image of the cyst’s location.
Biopsy
In certain cases, the doctor will take a tissue sample from the cyst and examine it in a lab to confirm it’s benign and poses no danger.

Is Sebaceous Cyst Removal Surgery Dangerous?

Not at all. The procedure is very simple and safe. The doctor makes a small incision and removes the entire cyst. There are no serious complications, and the wound is usually small and heals quickly—especially if you follow the doctor's aftercare instructions.

When Should I See a Doctor About a Sebaceous Cyst?

You should visit a doctor if you notice any of the following:

The cyst starts to discharge yellow fluid or has a bad smell.
There’s pain, redness, or warmth around the cyst.
The cyst grows quickly or changes in shape or color.
It starts to affect the appearance of your skin or becomes bothersome.

Can a Sebaceous Cyst Move or Disappear on Its Own?

Sometimes, a cyst may go away on its own, especially if it’s small and not infected. But in most cases, it stays in place or grows over time. It can remain there for life if not treated.

What’s the Difference Between a Cyst and a Tumor?

There’s a big difference between the two:

Sebaceous Cyst: A pocket under the skin filled with oil or skin cells. It may get bigger or infected, but it’s usually benign and non-cancerous.
Tumor: An abnormal growth of cells. It can be benign or malignant (cancerous), and it often needs more tests and medical attention.

Sebaceous cysts are soft and moveable under the skin, while tumors are usually hard and fixed in place.

Types of Skin and Sebaceous Cysts

There are many types of cysts that can appear on the body. Each has its own causes, features, and treatment. Let’s look at the most common ones in simple terms:

Epidermoid Cyst
- The most common type. Caused by a buildup of keratin under the skin.
- Often white or yellow, may ooze a smelly substance.
- Common areas: face, neck, shoulders, and back.
Sebaceous Cyst
- Forms in the sebaceous (oil) glands due to blocked ducts.
- Contains an oily substance called sebum.
- Appears on the face, back, scalp, and chest.
- Note: Often confused with epidermoid cysts, but they differ slightly in structure.
Apocrine Hidrocystoma
- Rare and usually found around the eyes or face.
- Clear or light blue in color, and grows slowly.
Pilar Cyst
- Appears on the scalp, especially in women.
- Made from hair follicle cells. Firm and may grow over time.
Milia (in infants)
- Tiny white spots under the skin, especially in newborns.
- Harmless and disappear on their own without treatment.
Inflamed Sebaceous Cyst
- When a cyst gets infected, it becomes red, painful, and warm.
- May ooze pus and need medical attention.

Other Types of Cysts That Resemble Sebaceous Cysts

Ganglion Cyst
- Found near joints or tendons, especially in the wrist or hand.
- Filled with clear, jelly-like fluid—not oil, but looks similar.
Dermoid Cyst
- Rare. Contains hair, fat, or even teeth.
- Present from birth and often appears around the eyes or ovaries.
Bartholin’s Cyst
- Appears in the Bartholin gland near the vaginal opening.
- If infected, it causes pain and swelling and may need treatment.
Ovarian Cyst

Grows on or inside a woman’s ovary.
Many types disappear on their own, but some need monitoring or treatment.

Pilonidal Cyst

Appears at the base of the spine, near the buttocks.
Often caused by ingrown hairs and may become a painful abscess.
Usually requires surgery to prevent recurrence.

Colloid Cyst

Extremely rare, found inside the brain.
If it grows, it can press on brain tissue and cause neurological symptoms.

Causes of Sebaceous Cysts: Why Do They Suddenly Appear Under the Skin?

Sebaceous cysts form when there's a problem with the sebaceous glands that produce natural oils (sebum) to moisturize the skin and hair. The most common causes include:

1. Blockage or Damage in the Sebaceous Glands

When the duct that releases sebum gets blocked, oils build up under the skin and form a lump.
This could happen due to:

A scratch or minor skin injury (like acne).
Direct trauma to the skin—even if it happened a while ago and healed.

2. Congenital Defect in the Sebaceous Duct

Some people are born with abnormally structured ducts, making them more likely to get blocked—even without any injury.

3. Post-Surgical Complications

If you've had surgery before, the skin or sebaceous glands may get damaged, leading to blockage and eventually cyst formation.

4. Genetic Conditions

Some rare inherited disorders can cause multiple sebaceous cysts to form, such as:

Gardner's syndrome
Basal cell nevus syndrome

5. Bacterial or Viral Infections

Infections can increase the buildup of oils in the gland, especially when inflammation is present, which makes the cyst grow faster.

How Does a Doctor Diagnose a Sebaceous Cyst?

1. Physical Examination

The doctor first checks the size, feel, and appearance of the lump. If there's suspicion of a tumor or abscess, further tests may be ordered.

2. Ultrasound

Used to determine whether the cyst is solid or fluid-filled, helping the doctor choose the best treatment method.

3. CT Scan

Helpful in complex or surgical cases, as it provides a clear image of the cyst beneath the skin.

4. Biopsy

In some cases, a sample is taken from the cyst and analyzed in a lab to confirm it's benign and safe.

Can a Sebaceous Cyst Be Removed Without Surgery?

Yes, in some cases, especially if the cyst is small and not inflamed, non-surgical options may be used:

✔️ 1. Cortisone Injections
These reduce inflammation and swelling, helping to shrink the cyst if it's not too painful.

✔️ 2. Cyst Drainage (Aspiration)
If the cyst is large or infected, the doctor may make a small cut and drain it. But this is temporary since the cyst sac remains.

✔️ 3. Antibiotics
Prescribed if there's an infection or inflammation, to reduce symptoms before considering removal.

Symptoms of a Sebaceous Cyst: How to Tell If That Lump Is a Cyst?

Sebaceous cysts often appear as small lumps under the skin. But sometimes they come with symptoms that need medical attention:

1. Noticeable Lump Under the Skin

The cyst appears as a raised, soft or slightly firm bump, depending on its size and contents.

2. Redness Around the Lump

If there's infection or inflammation, you’ll see redness around the area.

3. Discharge of Oily or Pus-Like Substance

Sometimes, the cyst releases a white or yellowish material that may have a foul smell.

4. Pain at the Site

Especially if the cyst is under pressure or infected.

5. Itching

Some people experience itching around the cyst, which increases the risk of infection if scratched.

⚠️ Important Tip: Don’t try to pop or squeeze the cyst—this can worsen the infection and lead to more complications.

Cyst Removal Procedure: What Happens at the Clinic?

If the doctor decides that the cyst needs to be removed, there are different surgical options based on the case:

1. Complete Surgical Excision

The cyst and its sac are removed entirely to prevent recurrence.
There may be a small scar depending on the cyst’s size.

2. Partial Removal

Only the contents are drained, leaving the outer sac.
This reduces scarring but carries a higher risk of recurrence.

3. Laser Removal

A small hole is made using a laser to drain the cyst, then the outer sac is removed.
It’s usually less painful and leaves minimal scarring.

Step-by-Step Cyst Removal at the Clinic

1. Local Anesthesia

A local anesthetic is injected around the cyst so you don’t feel any pain.

2. Cleaning the Area

The skin is sterilized thoroughly to avoid infection.

3. Opening and Cleaning the Cyst

A small cut is made, and the cyst is completely removed using special tools like a scalpel and surgical scissors.

4. Dressing the Wound

The wound is cleaned and covered with sterile gauze. The doctor may prescribe:

Antibiotic ointment
Painkillers
Oral antibiotics if there's a strong infection

Recovery Timeline After Cyst Removal: What to Expect Week by Week

Recovery time varies based on the cyst's size, location, and your body's healing speed. The procedure itself is usually painless due to local anesthesia, but mild discomfort or swelling may follow.

Week 1: Rest and Cold Compresses

Mild pain or swelling, especially if the cyst was large
Pain improves with prescribed medication
Use cold compresses to reduce swelling
Keep the affected area elevated if possible
Avoid physical exertion
Keep the wound clean and dry

Week 2: Wound Begins to Heal

Swelling and bruising subside
Doctor may remove stitches or change the dressing
Continue hygiene and avoid pressure on the area

Week 3: Gradual Return to Normal Activity

Wound closes up and swelling is almost gone
You can slowly resume normal activities—with your doctor’s approval

Week 4: Full Healing

You should be mostly healed
Keep monitoring the area—contact your doctor if you notice redness, swelling, or unusual discharge
Avoid lifting heavy objects or intense exercise for a bit longer

Post-Cyst Removal Care: How to Speed Up Healing

Following your doctor's instructions is crucial to avoid complications and ensure fast healing.

If the cyst was near your eye:

Avoid rubbing your eye
Don’t wear contact lenses for now
Skip swimming—especially in chlorinated pools

Showering:

Make sure shampoo or soap doesn't touch the wound
Cover the area before showering
Change the dressing right after and keep the wound clean

???? No makeup:
Avoid applying makeup on or near the wound, especially powder, eyeliner, or mascara, until it's fully healed.

Wound care:

Clean the wound daily
Apply the prescribed ointment
Change dressings regularly
After a few days, allow the wound to breathe (air exposure helps healing)

???? Don’t touch or squeeze the wound
Contact your doctor if you feel severe pain, see pus, or suspect an infection.

Finish your medication

Even if you feel better, complete the full antibiotic course as prescribed. Stopping early could lead to a recurrence.

Your Diet After Cyst Removal: Boost Healing With the Right Foods

Your body needs support to heal properly after cyst removal, and your diet plays a major role.

Drink plenty of water

Hydration helps flush out toxins and supports faster healing. Keep a water bottle with you all day.

Avoid processed food and excess sugar

Sweets, soda, and junk food increase inflammation and slow down wound healing.

Limit caffeine and alcohol

Too much coffee can dehydrate you.
Alcohol interferes with the healing process and delays recovery.
If you drink coffee, do it in moderation and pair it with water.

Focus on healing foods:

Fruits and vegetables like oranges, strawberries, broccoli, and spinach (rich in vitamin C and antioxidants)
Whole grains like oats and brown bread (for fiber and minerals)
Healthy fats like olive oil, avocado, and nuts (help reduce inflammation)
Proteins like eggs, chicken, fish, or legumes (support tissue repair)

Which Doctor Should You See for a Sebaceous Cyst?

The right specialist depends on the cyst’s location and severity:

Dermatologist:
Your first stop if the cyst appears on the skin, face, back, or anywhere else. They can diagnose and treat or refer you for surgery.
Plastic Surgeon or Skin Surgeon:
If the cyst is large, painful, or needs cosmetic removal to reduce scarring.
Ophthalmologist:
If the cyst is around the eyes or on the eyelid—this specialist is trained for such delicate areas.