What is urinary tract bacteria? Symptoms and treatment methods

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a common health issue that can affect men at any age, causing uncomfortable symptoms such as burning during urination, abdominal or back pain, and a frequent urge to urinate. The problem is that many men tend to ignore these symptoms at first. However, if left untreated, the infection can spread to the kidneys or prostate, leading to serious complications.In this article, we will discuss the different types of UTIs, their causes symptoms, and treatment options. We will also share simple and effective ways to protect yourself from infection.

If you're experiencing any symptoms, stay with us to learn the best solutions to maintain your health.

What is a Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)?

A UTI is an infection that affects the urinary system, usually caused by bacteria entering the urinary tract and leading to inflammation. While anyone can get a UTI, men are less likely to develop one than women because they have a longer urethra, making it harder for bacteria to reach the bladder.

Causes of UTI in Men

• Poor Personal Hygiene: Not maintaining proper hygiene in the genital area can allow bacteria to accumulate and cause infections.
• Holding in Urine for Too Long: Retaining urine for extended periods provides bacteria with a chance to multiply and cause inflammation.
• Sexual Activity: Bacteria can be transmitted during intercourse, especially if proper hygiene is not observed before and after.
• Prostate Problems: An enlarged or inflamed prostate can obstruct proper urine flow, increasing the risk of infection.
• Weakened Immune System: A weak immune system makes it harder for the body to fight off infection-causing bacteria.
• Use of a Urinary Catheter: People who require long-term catheter use are at higher risk of developing UTIs.

Symptoms of UTI in Men

• A burning sensation while urinating
• Frequent urge to urinate, even when little urine is present
• Pain in the lower abdomen or pelvic area
• Foul-smelling or dark-colored urine
• Mild fever in some cases
• In severe cases, blood may be present in the urine

Types of Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) in Men

UTIs are classified based on the part of the urinary system they affect, and each type has its own symptoms and complications. The main types include:

1. Urethritis

• Affected Area: The urethra (the tube that carries urine out of the body)
• Causes:
  • Bacteria such as Escherichia coli (E. coli)
  • Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) like chlamydia and gonorrhea
• Symptoms:
  • Burning and pain during urination
  • Clear or white discharge from the penis
  • Itching or irritation in the urethra
  • Discomfort at the end of urination

2. Cystitis (Bladder Infection)

• Affected Area: The bladder
• Causes:
  • Bacteria reaching the bladder due to incomplete emptying of urine
  • Long-term use of a urinary catheter
• Symptoms:
  • Frequent urge to urinate, even with little urine
  • Burning sensation while urinating
  • Lower abdominal pain
  • Dark-colored or foul-smelling urine

3. Prostatitis (Prostate Infection)

• Affected Area: The prostate gland
• Causes:
  • Infection spreading from the urethra to the bladder
  • Urinary retention due to an enlarged prostate
• Symptoms:
  • Difficulty or interrupted urine flow
  • Pain in the pelvic area or lower back
  • Pain during ejaculation
  • Mild fever in some cases

Types of Prostatitis:

• Acute Prostatitis: Develops suddenly with severe symptoms such as intense pain and high fever.
• Chronic Prostatitis: Less severe but lasts for long periods and tends to recur.

4. Pyelonephritis (Kidney Infection) – The Most Severe Type

• Affected Area: The kidneys
• Causes:
  • Bacteria spreading from the bladder to the kidneys
  • Urinary tract blockage due to kidney stones
• Symptoms:
  • High fever
  • Severe pain in the sides or lower back
  • Nausea or vomiting
  • Extreme fatigue

Signs and Symptoms of UTI in Men

Symptoms vary depending on the type of infection, but common signs include:

Symptoms of Urethritis:

• Burning sensation and pain during urination
• Clear or white discharge from the penis
• Itching or irritation in the urethra

Symptoms of Cystitis (Bladder Infection):

• Frequent urge to urinate, even with small amounts of urine
• Burning sensation while urinating
• Lower abdominal pain
• Dark-colored or foul-smelling urine
• Discomfort after urination

Symptoms of Prostatitis:

• Pain in the pelvic area or lower back
• Difficulty urinating or interrupted urine flow
• Pain during ejaculation
• Mild fever in some cases

Symptoms of Pyelonephritis (Most Severe):

• High fever
• Chills and sweating
• Nausea or vomiting
• Severe pain in the sides or back
• General fatigue and weakness

Treatment of UTI in Men

The primary treatment for UTIs is antibiotics, but additional measures can help relieve symptoms and speed up recovery.

1. Antibiotics

The doctor selects the appropriate antibiotic based on the type of bacteria. A urine culture may be required if the infection is severe or recurrent.

Commonly used antibiotics:

• Nitrofurantoin – For mild bladder infections
• Ciprofloxacin – For more severe infections or prostatitis
• Amoxicillin + Clavulanic Acid (Augmentin) – For moderate infections
• Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim) – Used in some cases

Treatment duration:

• Mild infections: 3–7 days
• Severe or recurrent infections: 10–14 days
• Chronic prostatitis: May require several weeks of treatment

It is crucial to complete the full course of antibiotics, even if symptoms disappear, to ensure the infection is completely eradicated.

2. Pain Relievers and Antispasmodics

If you experience severe pain or burning during urination, the doctor may prescribe medications to relieve symptoms:

• Paracetamol or Ibuprofen – To reduce pain and fever
• Antispasmodics like Buscopan – For bladder cramps

3. Increased Water Intake

Drinking 2–3 liters of water daily helps flush out bacteria and cleanse the urinary tract.

Cranberry juice may also help prevent bacteria from sticking to the bladder wall.

4. Home Remedies and Lifestyle Tips

• Urinate regularly and avoid holding urine
• Avoid irritants like coffee and carbonated drinks
• Wear breathable cotton underwear and maintain personal hygiene
• Refrain from sexual activity during the infection to prevent worsening the condition

Effective Exercises for Treating UTI in Men

Exercise can help improve urine flow, strengthen pelvic muscles, and reduce inflammation, but it is not a substitute for medical treatment. If you have a severe infection, consult your doctor before starting any exercise routine.

1. Kegel Exercises 

Benefits:
✔ Strengthens pelvic floor and bladder muscles
✔ Helps empty the bladder completely, reducing bacterial buildup
✔ Improves prostate health

How to Perform:

• Tighten your pelvic floor muscles (as if trying to stop urine flow).
• Hold for 5-10 seconds, then relax.
• Repeat 10-15 times, 3 times daily.

2. Walking and Movement
✔ Enhances blood circulation to the kidneys and bladder
✔ Reduces inflammation and improves urinary system efficiency
✔ Prevents urine retention and promotes proper drainage

Tip:

• Walk for 30 minutes daily or engage in light activities like cycling.

3. Stretching and Yoga Exercises 

Benefits:
✔ Reduces pressure on the bladder and prostate
✔ Improves blood flow to the urinary system
✔ Relieves stress, which can worsen bladder irritation

Butterfly Stretch:

• Sit on the floor and bring your feet together.
• Gently press your knees downward.
• Hold for 30 seconds, repeat 3-5 times.

Child’s Pose:

• Kneel and extend your body forward, stretching your arms.
• Relax in this position for 30 seconds to 1 minute.
• Repeat 3 times.

4. Squats 

Benefits:
✔ Strengthens pelvic and prostate muscles
✔ Helps improve urine flow

How to Perform:

• Stand with your feet shoulder-width apart.
• Lower your body as if sitting on a chair while keeping your back straight.
• Slowly rise back up and repeat 10-15 times.

Important Tips While Exercising:

✔ Drink plenty of water to stay hydrated and flush out bacteria.
✔ Avoid intense workouts if you have a severe infection, as they may worsen irritation.
✔ Combine regular exercise with medical treatment for the best results.

 Note: Exercise alone will not cure a UTI, but it can help manage symptoms and reduce the risk of recurrence.

The appropriate specialist for treating a urinary tract infection (UTI) in men is a urologist.

A urologist specializes in treating:

• Urinary tract and bladder infections
• Prostate issues (such as prostatitis or an enlarged prostate)
• Kidney, bladder, and urethral diseases
• Kidney stones and urinary tract stones

In some cases, you may need to consult other specialists, such as:

• Internal medicine doctor if the infection is recurrent or linked to chronic conditions like diabetes.
• Andrologist if the infection is related to a sexually transmitted infection (STI).
• Nephrologist if the infection has affected the kidneys and caused complications.

If you experience symptoms like burning during urination, kidney pain, or recurrent infections, you should see a urologist promptly to get the right treatment and prevent complications.