A deviated septum or nasal septum is a structure made up of cartilage and connective tissue that separates the two sides of the nose. The nasal passages are located on both sides of this septum, and are lined on the inside with mucous membranes. In cases of deviated septum, one nasal passage is larger than the other due to a noticeable deviation or tilt in the septum towards a certain side. In this article, dear reader, we will review this, in addition to septum correction surgeries. Read on to learn all the details.

What is the appropriate age to undergo a deviated septum correction surgery?

 

It is preferable to wait until the nose is fully grown, which usually occurs around the age of 15, before undergoing a deviated septum correction surgery.

Does a deviated septum affect the appearance of the face?

 

A deviated septum does not affect the appearance of the face, and you will not notice any changes in the shape of the face after the deviated septum correction surgery. However, if the wounds heal incorrectly after the surgery, a change in facial features may occur.

Does a deviated septum affect the shape of the eye?

 

If the deviated septum is simple, it will not affect the shape of the eye. But in more severe cases, it may lead to vision problems or strabismus.

Are you a suitable candidate for a septal deviation correction procedure?

 

Thanks to its simplicity and high level of safety, anyone seeking to get rid of septal deviation problems can undergo this procedure without major risks. However, there are some important points to consider:

1. The procedure can be performed at any age, but some surgeons prefer to wait until after puberty.

2. People with severe symptoms are more eligible for the procedure than those with moderate or mild symptoms, as some medications may help relieve the symptoms.

3. It is necessary to conduct comprehensive examinations to assess the health status, especially in the presence of chronic diseases such as high blood pressure or diabetes.

4. The procedure cannot be performed in the case of active sinusitis, and you must wait until the treatment is completed.

How long is the expected duration of the septal deviation correction procedure? And when can I go home?

 

The procedure, whether traditional or endoscopic, takes between 30 and 90 minutes, depending on the condition of each patient. You can go home the same day if there are no complications, or if the doctor decides that you need to stay under medical observation for a certain period to ensure your safety.

What causes dizziness due to a deviated septum?

 

In itself, a deviated septum does not cause dizziness, but if it results in sinusitis, a person may feel dizzy.

Can a deviated septum cause tinnitus?

 

Chronic deviated septum can block the Eustachian tube in the ear, which may cause a ringing sensation similar to an echo.

Is it normal to breathe through one nostril?

 

Breathing through one nostril can cause difficulty in airflow, especially in cases of colds or allergies.

Breathing through one nostril is a sign of a deviated septum.

Is proper breathing through the mouth or the nose?

 

Proper breathing is done through the nose, but breathing through both the nose and mouth can be done during intense physical exertion.

Breathing through the mouth alone is considered incorrect, and may be the result of a medical condition, which may lead to dental problems.

Does a deviated septum return after surgery after a certain period?

 

A deviated septum can return after surgery if the patient has been traumatized in the nasal area.

Does the nose increase in size after a deviated septum correction surgery?

 

A deviated septum correction surgery does not directly affect the shape of the nose, but if you want to change the shape of the nose in addition to correcting a deviated septum, the surgeon may be able to perform a procedure that combines rhinoplasty and cosmetic surgery.

When does the pain go away after a deviated septum surgery?

 

After a deviated septum correction surgery, you are expected to feel mild pain.

Many people describe this sensation as similar to the pain of sinusitis, as you may feel some pain and pressure around the eyes, forehead, cheeks, and upper teeth.

This pain is considered normal and usually goes away within a few days.

**Can a deviated septum be prevented?**

 

The answer to this question depends on the context; congenital diseases that affect the nasal septum, such as connective tissue diseases, cannot be prevented. However, the likelihood of acquired septum deviation can be significantly reduced by following routine preventive measures to protect the nose from shock and injury. These measures include avoiding violent sports such as boxing, wearing a helmet while riding a bike, and using a seat belt in a car.

**Why is a nasal wash usually prescribed after septum correction surgery?**

 

A nasal wash helps remove clots and crusts from inside the nose during the recovery period, which contributes to healing without the risk of infection. It also helps reduce the formation of scar tissue (adhesions) in the nose in the long term.

**What should I know about nasal wash if it is prescribed?**

 

To prepare a nasal wash, add three teaspoons of salt and one teaspoon of baking soda to a cup of lukewarm water, then stir the mixture well.

Use a syringe to fill 60 milliliters of the liquid, and wash the nasal cavities at least three times a day.

After washing the nose, apply a generous amount of Vaseline into the nasal cavities using a cotton swab.

How to choose the right surgeon to perform a septoplasty?

 

The following characteristics should be present in the doctor who performs this type of surgery:

1 - An otolaryngologist or plastic surgeon.

2 - Has sufficient experience to perform this type of surgery.

3 - Able to deal with and manage potential complications.

4 - Works in a center or hospital fully equipped to handle these surgeries.

5– Feel confident and comfortable when dealing with it.

**Is septoplasty safe?**

 

Yes, septoplasty has undergone many studies and experiments over the years, which have proven its effectiveness and the few complications associated with it. Most people who have undergone this operation, both men and women, have expressed their positive opinions about the results.

**When can I see the results of septoplasty?**

 

Positive changes, such as improved breathing and relief of nasal congestion, can be seen after the swelling resulting from the operation subsides. However, the final results may take 3 to 6 months for the anatomical structures of the nose to stabilize in their new position.

**How ​​can a deviated septum be prevented?**

 

Some people are born with a deviated septum, while others may develop it during childhood. In these cases, a deviated septum cannot be prevented.

If you do not already have a deviated septum, you can reduce the risk by:

- Always wearing a seat belt.

- Use protective equipment (such as a mask and helmet) when playing contact sports.

**How ​​can I tell if I have a deviated septum?**

 

If you have a stuffy nose, headaches, nosebleeds, or sinusitis, these symptoms may be signs of a deviated septum. You can also tilt your head up and take pictures of yourself to see if you have a deviated septum.

**Can I live with a deviated septum?**

 

It’s up to you to decide what’s best for you. If your deviated septum doesn’t affect your breathing, cause sleep apnea, or other troubling symptoms, you may not need to take any action. However, if your condition is negatively affecting your quality of life, surgery may be an option. Septoplasty has a good success rate of up to 85%. However, about 15% of people who undergo this type of treatment may not notice a significant improvement in their symptoms.

### Causes of septal deviation***

 

There are several factors and causes that may lead to septal deviation, the most prominent of which are:

1. **Birth defects**: Most cases are considered to be the result of birth defects that occur during the formation of the fetus in the womb, which leads to the child being born with an injury, and the cause is often genetic.

2. **Injuries and accidents**: A strong blow to the nose as a result of an accident can lead to septal deviation at any age.

3. **Problems during childbirth**: In some cases, septal deviation may occur as a result of problems or complications during the birth process, especially if the newborn's weight is relatively large.

### Symptoms of septal deviation***

 

The following symptoms may appear on a person with septal deviation:

- Congestion on one side of the nose or on both sides.

- Difficulty breathing.

- Frequent nosebleeds (epistaxis).

- Facial pain accompanied by a headache.

- Snoring or unusually loud breathing during sleep.

- Frequent sinusitis.

- Sleep apnea.

- Noticeable dryness on one or both sides of the nose.

Sometimes, these symptoms may appear only when the patient is exposed to a cold or flu, and disappear after recovering from these diseases.

What are the reasons that prompt you to undergo a septal deviation correction surgery?

 

There are a number of reasons that may require a surgical procedure to correct a deviated septum, and these reasons may be medical, cosmetic, or other miscellaneous. The most prominent of these reasons are:

- Obstruction or narrowing of the nasal airway, which leads to breathing difficulties.

- Sleep disorders resulting from excessive snoring or sleep apnea.

- Septal deviation resulting from congenital factors.

- Posterior nasal discharge syndrome.

- Traumatic injuries that lead to a deviated septum.

- Persistent nosebleeds or chronic headaches.

- Recurrent sinusitis.

**How ​​is a deviated septum diagnosed?**

 

The doctor will begin by asking a series of questions and examining the nostrils to determine if there is a deviation in the nasal septum. Among the questions the doctor may ask:

- Do you have severe symptoms?

- Do you have difficulty breathing?

- Have you noticed a decrease in your sense of smell?

- How often do you get sinus infections?

- How long have you been experiencing these symptoms?

- Have you had any injuries or trauma to the nasal area?

- Have you had any nosebleeds before?

- Are you currently taking any medications to treat these symptoms?

- Do decongestants help relieve your symptoms?

- Do you have trouble sleeping or snore frequently?

As for the physical examination, the doctor may use special tools to see the inside of the nostrils.

The doctor may use a light source to see inside the nose, and may also use a lighted tube-shaped endoscope to see deeper areas inside the nostrils.

The nasal endoscope helps to gently widen the nasal passages, allowing the doctor to see more clearly.

**Risks of Septoplasty**

 

Septoplasty is a safe and effective procedure, and many studies and research have proven its success. However, like any other surgical procedure, it may result in some risks and side effects, including:

- The possibility of the cartilage returning to its previous position after a period of time, which may obstruct the airway and require an additional operation.

- Risks related to anesthesia.

- Change in the shape of the nose.

- Bleeding or infection.

- Decreased sense of smell.

- Possible formation of a hematoma in the nasal septum.

- Possible perforation of the nasal septum.

What can be expected from septoplasty?

 

We recommend obtaining comprehensive information about septoplasty, including the methods and techniques used, in addition to consulting a doctor about the details of the procedure and the expected results. Before undergoing the procedure, it is important to know the following facts:

What isWhat can a septoplasty procedure achieve?

 

- Get rid of chronic nasal congestion.

- Improve sleep quality and get rid of snoring and dry mouth resulting from difficulty breathing through the nose.

- Treat recurrent nosebleeds resulting from dry mucous membranes.

- Reduce the incidence of sinusitis.

- Relieve headaches and chronic pressure in the sinus area.

- Improve the sense of smell and reduce sudden sneezing attacks.

What can't a septoplasty procedure achieve?

 

- The procedure does not affect the shape or appearance of the nose, unless it is performed in conjunction with rhinoplasty.

- The procedure may not solve all the problems associated with a deviated septum, which means that some symptoms may persist after the procedure in some cases.

### Pros and cons of a septoplasty procedure

After reviewing the above information and discussing it with your doctor and family, it is important to know the pros and cons of a septoplasty procedure in detail.

#### Pros of Septoplasty

- The procedure provides an effective solution to many problems at once, such as snoring, sleep apnea, sinusitis, chronic headaches, and others.

- The procedure is common and relatively easy to perform, and achieves excellent results.

- The procedure does not leave any visible scars, as it is performed entirely inside the nose.

- The procedure is flexible, as it can be combined with other procedures such as sinus surgery or rhinoplasty.

- According to global statistics, side effects and complications after the procedure are rare, indicating its safety.

***Cons of Septoplasty***

It can take up to a year for the nasal cartilage and mucous tissue to stabilize in their new position in some cases. The cartilage may change position again after a while, which may obstruct the airway and require an additional procedure.

In some cases, recovery from the procedure may take about 3 months.

Continued use of blood thinners may lead to severe bleeding during the procedure.

Performing the procedure by an inexperienced surgeon may cause injury to the nasal septum.

**Treatment of a deviated septum**

In some cases, a deviated septum can be relieved with medication.

If medication does not provide the desired relief, surgery may be necessary to correct the deviated septum and improve breathing. Your doctor may prescribe medications to relieve the symptoms of a deviated septum. These medications can help relieve symptoms, but they will not permanently cure the deviation.

Medications used to treat the symptoms of a deviated septum include:

**Decongestants** Decongestants can be taken by mouth or in the form of a spray. They help reduce swelling in the nasal cavity and increase airflow. However, both can have side effects.

**Nasal steroid sprays** Nasal steroid sprays work to reduce swelling. Prescription corticosteroids can take 1 to 3 weeks to achieve full effect, so follow your doctor's instructions when using them.

**Antihistamines** Antihistamines can help reduce symptoms such as a runny or stuffy nose. However, they often cause drowsiness, so they should be used with caution before driving or when taking other medications.

**Details about septoplasty**

**Preparing for the procedure**

The surgeon and anesthesiologist will ideally prepare you for the procedure through the following steps:

1. Conduct laboratory tests and a comprehensive clinical examination.

2. Check for any drug allergies or chronic diseases.

3. Inquire about any previous surgeries you have undergone.

4. Perform an endoscopic examination of the nose to assess the degree of nasal septum deviation.

5. Refrain from smoking and alcohol consumption for a sufficient period before the procedure.

6. Adjust or stop some medications, such as aspirin.

7. Take front and side photographs of the nose before the procedure to compare the results later and evaluate them in the long term.

8. Refrain from eating and drinking for 12 hours before the procedure.

The doctor will also warn about the importance of maintaining nasal hygiene and washing hands periodically to reduce possible side effects after the operation.

Your doctor will also share photos of similar cases before and after the operation to provide a clearer idea of ​​the expected results.

**Types of septal deviation surgery and methods of implementation**

 

1. Septal deviation surgery using the traditional method.

2. Septal deviation surgery using the endoscopic method.

**First: Septal deviation surgery using the traditional method:** This is considered the most common method, as most surgeons master it, and it shows excellent results according to many studies.

The stages of septal deviation surgery can be summarized through the following steps:

**Anesthesia:** Surgeons usually use general anesthesia during septal deviation surgeries, and in some cases, intravenous sedatives can be used, or local anesthesia in rare cases.

**Surgical incision:** When septal deviation surgery is performed alone, the incision is hidden inside the nasal cavity, and this method is known as the closed method. In some complex cases, or when the operation is performed in conjunction with rhinoplasty, the surgical incision may be made in the small area between the nostrils, which is then called the open method.

**Mucous lining separation:** The surgeon lifts the mucous membrane covering the nasal septum on each side separately. This step is very delicate, as the lining membrane is thin, and any mistake may lead to its perforation or tearing.

**Septoplasty correction:** The surgeon removes the deviated part (whether bony or cartilaginous) of the septum, and returns it to its correct position without damaging the mucosal lining.

**Closing the incision and fixing:** After completing the correction process, the surgeon returns the mucosal lining to its place and sutures it using dissolvable sutures, which dissolve automatically after a certain period. The corrected septum is fixed using splints orCotton pads in the nasal cavities, which the surgeon will remove shortly after the operation.

**: Endoscopic septoplasty:** This operation is considered modern, as it appeared in 1991. It is less common than the traditional method, as it requires greater experience in dealing with endoscopic devices. Endoscopy provides a better view for the surgeon, which enhances his ability to locate the deviation and treat it. This method also allows for additional operations to be performed with the septoplasty, such as sinus surgery. Sometimes, anatomical problems may appear in the nose that make the operation more complicated.

The scientific steps include the following:

 

**Anesthesia:**

General anesthesia is applied in a manner similar to the traditional method, and in some special cases local anesthesia can be used.

**Insertion of the endoscope:**

The endoscope is inserted through a very small incision (2-3 mm) inside the nose.

**Septoplasty:** The surgeon removes excess cartilage and bone tissue without lifting the mucosal lining, as is done in the traditional method.

**Closing the incision:** The incision is closed with a single dissolvable suture.

**Fixation:** The fixation is done with cotton pads or splints.

**Signs of failed septoplasty**

The patient is usually expected to feel better breathing shortly after the septoplasty. The patient is also expected to notice an improvement in the quality of sleep and a decrease in snoring after the operation. However, it should be noted that the rate of improvement may vary from one person to another. Despite the positive expectations after the septoplasty, the results are not completely guaranteed. In some cases, the cartilage or nasal tissue may shift, leading to airway obstruction. Therefore, patients who continue to experience symptoms after the operation are advised to repeat the operation to correct any nasal problems or deformities.

Signs of a failed septoplasty can be summarized as follows:

- Difficulty breathing again after the operation

- Bleeding during the operation

- Infections at the operation site

- Suffering from the effects of anesthesia

- Rupture of the nasal membranes after the operation

**Benefits of Septoplasty**

The benefits of Septoplasty are evident in the following points:

1. **Treatment of breathing problems**: The operation contributes to solving breathing problems by reopening the airways, which helps improve airflow.

2. **Improving the senses of smell and taste**: Septoplasty helps people who suffer from loss of the senses of smell and taste due to nasal congestion, enabling them to enjoy food better.

3. **Improving sleep quality**: After the operation, sleep problems such as snoring and shortness of breath can disappear if the nasal septum is corrected correctly, leading to a restful sleep without dry mouth or nosebleeds.

4. **Reducing sinusitis and headaches**: The procedure helps to completely drain the sinuses, which helps to relieve headaches resulting from sinusitis.

Is nasal septum deviation surgery dangerous?

 

Septal deviation surgery is a relatively safe surgical procedure, but it may carry some rare risks. Potential harms of septum deviation surgery include:

- Severe bleeding

- Severe infection and inflammation that may be uncontrollable, leading to fever

- Changes in blood pressure and heart rate

- Formation of an abscess in the nasal septum

- Perforation of the nasal septum, which may lead to nasal obstruction

- Leakage of cerebrospinal fluid, which increases the risk of infection

- Inflammation of the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord

When should you contact a doctor or nurse?

 

- If you have signs of infection, such as a body temperature of 38 degrees Celsius or higher, or feeling cold.

- If you notice signs of wound infection, such as swelling, a feeling of heat when touching the nose, yellow or green nasal discharge, or a bad smell coming from the nose.

- If you have severe bleeding.

- If your nasal dressings fall off before your scheduled check-up appointment.

- If you feel severe pain that does not go away even after taking prescribed painkillers.

- If you have a cough, shortness of breath, or chest pain.

- If you have an upset stomach or vomiting.

**What are the instructions to follow when returning home after surgery?**

 

1. Avoid lying on your stomach or face down for the first few days after surgery.

2. Refrain from exercising and lifting heavy objects for two weeks, or as directed by your doctor.

3. When you need to sneeze, it is preferable to keep your mouth open for the two weeks following the operation.

4. Avoid blowing your nose for two weeks.

5. Avoid activities that may put pressure on the face, such as bending over or holding your breath.

6. Avoid straining during bowel movements. If constipation persists for more than two days, it is advisable to take laxatives prescribed by your doctor (in other cases, it is preferable to contact your doctor).

7. Protect your nose from any possible injury.

8. Avoid touching or scratching your nose, and if necessary, do so gently.

9. Refrain from taking aspirin or ibuprofen (such as Advil) for two weeks, or as directed by your doctor, as these medications may increase the risk of bleeding.

10. Avoid exposure to direct sunlight for more than 15 minutes to avoid sunburn on your nose.

11. Take painkillers as prescribed.

12. Keep your head slightly elevated.