Most people have moles, usually between 10 and 45 moles on the body. Although most moles are harmless, some types of skin cancer may appear as a mole. So, how can you tell them apart? In this article on the Dalili Medical website, we will discuss the types of moles and their benefits, the extent of their risk of turning into cancer, and when you should consider removing them.

**What is a mole?**

 

In medical terms, moles are known as birthmarks or birthmarks. Moles, especially those on the face, are considered signs of beauty and have been part of the fashion world for centuries. However, there is an increase in people wanting to remove moles. A survey in the UK showed that the number of people wanting to remove moles has increased by 127%. Most moles usually appear within the first 30 years of life, with the average person having between 10 and 40 moles. Moles are usually less than 1/4 inch in diameter, and can appear anywhere on the body, either singly or in groups. Common areas for moles to appear include the face, hands, ears, eyelids, lips, palms, scalp, soles of the feet, genitals, and anus. Moles vary in color to match normal skin tone, from light brown to black, and may increase or change color over time.

**Why do moles appear?**

 

Genetic makeup is the main reason for the appearance of moles, as well as the amount of exposure to sunlight, especially during childhood and teenage years. It has been observed that moles are more common among people with fair skin. Moles can appear and disappear as a result of hormonal changes, such as those that occur during pregnancy or at the beginning of puberty. The number of moles is also likely to decrease with age.

**Are all moles cancerous?**

 

No, the vast majority of moles are benign and do not cause cancer. However, some moles may become malignant, meaning they are cancerous and need immediate removal. Therefore, it is important to pay attention to all types of moles.

**How ​​can you determine whether a mole is a problem or not?**

 

The number and size of moles can indicate that a mole may be a problem. If your mole is larger than one inch or if you have more than 50 moles, it's a good idea to have a monthly self-examination and a yearly comprehensive body exam with a dermatologist.

The ABCDE rule is an effective way to check for potentially dangerous moles. Search for:

A - Asymmetry: If the shape of one half of the mole does not match the other half.

B – Border: If the edges are irregular, blurry, or torn.

C - Color: If there is a variation in colors within the mole, as it can contain multiple colors such as black, brown, white, red, pink, grey, or blue.

D – Diameter: If there is a noticeable increase in the size of the mole.

E – Evolving: If the mole has seen changes over the past few weeks, or if it differs from other moles.

**What do normal moles look like?**

 

A normal mole is a uniform color, either flat or protruding from the surface of the skin, usually round or oval, and less than 6 millimeters in diameter. Some moles may be present from birth, but most appear during childhood and young adulthood until about age 40. Moles usually remain the same size, shape and color for many years, and some may fade over time. However, any changes in the shape of the mole, or the appearance of a new mole with abnormal characteristics, may indicate the possibility of melanoma (a type of skin cancer).

**Different types of moles**

 

There are several types of moles, including:

1. **Congenital moles**: These moles appear at birth and vary in size and color.

2. **Acquired moles**: These moles develop in later stages of life, and are the most common.

3. **Atypical moles (dysplasia)**: These moles are characterized by irregular shapes and colors, which makes them more susceptible to skin cancer.

4. **Spitz nevi**: They are often confused with melanoma due to their unique appearance, but they are usually benign.

**The difference between a benign and a malignant mole**

 

The difference between a benign and a malignant mole is determined based on the set of symptoms that may appear. Here are the differences between them in several aspects:

1. **Shape and symmetry**:

 A benign mole is characterized by its round shape and symmetrical edges.

 While malignant moles appear asymmetrically, if a line were drawn in the middle of them, the two halves would not be identical.

 A malignant mole may have serrated and irregular edges, while a benign mole has defined, regular edges.

2. **Color**:

 A benign mole appears in a uniform brown color without dark spots.

 On the other hand, a malignant mole may contain color differences, such as the appearance of dark areas or colors that tend to be black, gray, red, white, or blue.

3. **Diameter and size**:

 - It is possible to distinguish between a benign and a malignant mole through any sudden change in the size of the mole.

 Malignant moles are often larger than 6 millimeters in diameter.

If you notice any change in the size, shape, or color of the mole, or feel a lump or hardness in it, or suffer from annoying itching, bleeding, or peeling, it is necessary to see a specialist doctor. Caution should also be exercised if new moles appear in areas that did not contain moles before.

**What is the difference between a mole and skin cancer?**

 

A mole, also known as a mole or nevus, is a small, often brown, normal skin growth made up of a group of melanocytes. Moles usually begin to appear during childhood and adolescence, and vary in appearance and size, as a person can have between 10 and 45 moles.

As for melanoma skin cancer(Melanoma) is a type of skin cancer that arises from melanocytes, and is considered the most dangerous and least common type of skin cancer.

Continuous exposure to ultraviolet rays, whether from the sun or other sources, is one of the most prominent causes of melanoma. The tumor can develop from an existing mole or appear as a lesion that resembles a normal mole.

**We explain below the difference between a mole and skin cancer:**

 

**Shape and symmetry:**

Normal moles are usually symmetrical and roughly round, while melanoma moles appear asymmetric in appearance, size, color and thickness. Symmetry means that if a virtual line were drawn dividing the mole in half, the two halves would be identical in shape, color and thickness.

**Borders or edges:**

Benign moles are characterized by clear, regular borders separating them from the skin, and they may be raised or flat. In contrast, the edges of malignant moles are irregular and random, and the borders may appear blurred.

**the color:**

Benign moles are one consistent color, often brown or pink, and some benign moles may change color over time. While the color of melanoma is heterogeneous, a malignant mole may contain several shades of color, such as brown, black, orange, red, blue, and white.

**Diameter and size:**

Normal moles are usually small, no more than 5 or 6 mm in diameter, and do not change in size or shape over time. While a melanoma mole is often more than 6 mm in diameter, it may increase in size over time.

**Development and growth**

Cancerous tumors increase in size over time, making any change in the size of an existing mole cause for concern.

The difference between a mole and skin cancer is that benign moles do not change in shape or color over time, while cancerous tumors are characterized by continuous change.

There are several signs that indicate that a normal mole may turn into cancer, including:

- Change in the shape or color of the mole.

- Changes in texture, such as peeling.

- Feeling itching or pain in the mole.

- The color of the mole spreads to the surrounding skin and the borders blur.

- Redness, swelling or bleeding of the mole.

**What are the types of cancerous moles?**

 

Here are some signs that may help you recognize abnormal moles:

- **Shape**: Asymmetry in the shape of the mole, as one half of it may not resemble the other half.

- **Edge**: Irregular edges of the mole, which means there are zigzags in its appearance.

- **Color**: A change in the color of the mole or multiple colors may indicate that it is abnormal.

- **Diameter**: Increasing the diameter of the mole, so that it exceeds 6 millimeters.

- **Evolution**: Any change that occurs in the mole in shape, color, size, or height.

It is not necessary that all of the previous criteria be present in a cancerous mole, but rather the presence of some of them is sufficient to classify it. It is recommended to visit a doctor if you notice any changes in the nature of the mole.

- **Black mole**: Its color tends to brown and appears extended on the surface of the skin.

- **Red mole**: It appears as an inflamed and red spot.

- **Melanoma**: It appears as black masses with ill-defined edges.

- **Multi-colored mole**: It is characterized by its color not being consistent with the natural color of the mole, as it appears in more than one color.

Can all types of moles turn into cancerous?

 

Some types of moles may turn into cancerous cells, so it is necessary to consult a doctor as soon as you notice any change in the shape, size, or color of the mole. In some cases, the change may be due to a benign increase in melanocytes, while in other cases it may be evidence of cancer. There are several factors to consider when evaluating a mole, such as:

- Feeling itching, pain, or any change in sensation in the mole area.

- If the mole has an irregular shape.

- A change in the size of the mole.

- If the diameter of the mole exceeds 7 mm.

- If the mole is swollen, inflamed, or changes color to red.

All types of moles are monitored to monitor any changes. Clinical imaging is performed to measure their dimensions and followed up over a period of weeks to discover any changes. If cancer is suspected, the mole is surgically removed and a sample is sent to a laboratory to look for signs of cell changes. If skin cancer is detected, additional tests may be ordered to determine whether the cancer has spread in the body.

**What are the types of moles?**

 

Moles vary in color from red, brown, blue, violet, and black. They are scientifically classified into different types based on their shape, size, color, and location, in addition to their risk of turning into cancer. Types of moles include:

1. **Congenital moles**: Also known as birthmarks, they vary greatly in size, shape, and color. About 0.2 to 2.1% of babies are born with a congenital mole. Some birthmarks may be treated for cosmetic reasons as the child gets older, usually between the ages of 10 and 12, when the child is better able to tolerate the local anesthetic. Larger congenital moles carry a greater risk of becoming malignant in adulthood, so a doctor should evaluate any changes in growth, color, shape, or pain in the birthmark or mole.

2. **Acquired moles**: These moles appear on the skin after birth, and can be found anywhere on the skin. They are also known as common moles. People with fair skin usually have between 10 and 40 moles, while people with dark skin or dark hair may have a darker color.

3. **Blue moles**: These moles appear in a deep blue color, and are common among some Indian children, and are considered a rare condition.

4. **Aura mole**: The skin surrounding the small mole may become blue, and the center of the mole turns pale. This mole can be benign, but for some people, it may indicate the possibility of developing moleA mother suffering from vitiligo.

5. **Atypical moles** (also known as dysmorphic nevus): They can appear anywhere on the body, and are often found on the torso, but they can also appear on the neck, head, or scalp, and rarely appear on the face. Benign atypical moles may have some characteristics similar to skin cancer, so it is important to perform regular skin checks and monitor any changes. It is estimated that 1 in 10,000 atypical moles may turn into cancer. Atypical moles are unsightly and usually have the following characteristics:

 - Irregular in shape with uneven borders.

 - It varies in color, mixing tan, brown, red and pink.

 - Its texture is similar to pebbles.

 - Size 6 mm or more.

 -More common among white-skinned people.

 -More common among people who are exposed to a lot of sunlight.

 - It is more likely to turn into skin cancer if a person has 4 or more of them, or if he has a relative who has had skin cancer, or if the person himself has previously had skin cancer.

**When should moles be removed?**

 

Moles usually do not need treatment, as they often do not pose a health risk. However, some moles may be undesirable, especially if they are located on the face, are large, disfigured, have continuous hair growth, or rub against clothing causing local pain or minor bleeding. Although most moles are harmless and can be safely left, their removal may be considered in the following cases:

1. **Potentially malignant**: Such as moles that bleed, have an unusual shape, grow quickly, or change color.

2. **Annoying moles**: Such as those that are exposed to friction with clothing, or when combing hair, or shaving, or unattractive moles, which can be surgically removed in a dermatologist’s office.

3. **Cancerous changes**: In this case, removing the mole is necessary.

4. **Moles present at birth or acquired shortly thereafter**: It is usually recommended to remove them, especially if they are large, as the possibility of them turning into skin cancer is greater compared to moles acquired after the first year or the first half of life.

**The most important changes to monitor in the mole:**

 

1. **Increase in size**: Moles up to 6 mm in size are not considered worrisome, but larger moles require careful follow-up.

2. **Change color of the mole**: Especially if it appears in multiple shades of brown or other colors such as black and red.

3. **Irregular external shape**: If it is difficult to determine the outer borders of the mole or if the two halves resulting from its division do not match.

4. **Itching or pain**: Some moles may become inflamed or develop occasional eczema, but any swelling, redness, symptoms of itching, or pain require follow-up.

5. **The appearance of a mole after the age of forty**: The appearance of new moles after this age is considered rare, and it is advisable to examine them.

6. **The presence of a large number of moles**: Some studies indicate that the presence of more than 50 moles may increase the risk of skin cancer, while the presence of more than 100 moles is considered more dangerous.

7. **Bleeding from the mole**.

8. **Having a mole with a different pattern**: Having a mole that differs in shape from other moles is considered a worrying sign known as the “ugly duck” sign.

9. **Family history of skin cancer**: It is considered an important factor that must be taken into consideration when assessing the risk of infection.

It is important to mention that the probability of a mole turning into a skin cancer is very small, as it is estimated at one case in every hundred thousand moles. However, in the case of melanoma skin cancer, the chance of it developing in a previous mole is up to 50%.

*Positively dealing with any changes in the mole through examination and follow-up is the best way to avoid risks, as early detection of any cancerous changes can achieve a cure rate exceeding 90% of cases.*

**How ​​to perform a skin self-examination**

 

After understanding the difference between a mole and skin cancer, it is important to perform a skin self-examination on a monthly basis to look for any changes in existing moles or the appearance of new moles, as well as any new spots or bumps that are not healing. We must be aware that skin cancer is not limited to tumors that resemble moles, but it can appear in many other forms.

Here are some key signs to look out for during a skin self-examination:

- A change in the size of an existing mole, or the appearance of a new mole with irregular borders or multiple colors.

- The appearance of a new lump or bump on the skin.

- The appearance of unusual spots.

- Growth of a wart-like mass.

- The presence of an ulcer that does not heal or bleeds continuously.

**Non-surgical mole removal procedures**

 

Cryotherapy, also known as "cryosurgery," is a non-surgical procedure that uses liquid nitrogen to freeze and remove skin tags. This procedure targets damaged cells at the cellular level and completely destroys them. After freezing, blisters appear and the crusting process begins, with the wound healing within three to six weeks. This procedure treats a variety of moles and has a short recovery period and low risk of infection.

Radiofrequency is one of the most common procedures for removing moles. The doctor uses a device called an "electrode loop" to remove layers of the mole one by one while cauterizing the skin. The wound resulting from the operation heals, and a crust forms within 7-10 days. The benefits of this procedure include reducing scars, reducing the recovery period, and reducing discomfort.

Laser mole removal is an effective and aesthetically attractive alternative to removing moles or skin tags instead of traditional surgical methods. High pulses of light and heat energy are used to break up the pigment in the cells. The session helpsThis first helps to flatten the mole, while subsequent treatments may require removing the pigment entirely. After directing the laser to the targeted area, the healing process begins. During the first week, some crusts may appear, which will fall off naturally over time. New crusts will appear during successive sessions and continue to fall out as they did in the first session. Laser mole removal usually requires 2 to 4 sessions to achieve visible results from the first session.

**Surgical removal of moles**

 

In cases where the mole is in sensitive areas such as near the eye or on the neck, it is preferable to surgically remove it. This also applies to moles with deep roots. The surgery is usually considered an essentially outpatient procedure and is usually performed in one session under general anesthesia. An additional session may be needed depending on the size and nature of the mole. The mole is surgically removed in one of the following two ways:

1. **Shave excision**: The dermatologist uses a thin surgical blade to shave the mole, followed by the use of an electrosurgical blade with a cutaneous ring electrode. This method does not require stitches.

2. **Surgical excision**: It is similar to traditional surgery, where the dermatologist removes the entire mole until reaching the fatty layer under the skin, followed by stitches to close the wound.

Recovery time and cost depend on the size, type and location of the mole.

**Natural mixtures to remove moles**

 

Harmless or benign moles can be removed using multiple cosmetic techniques. However, there are many effective natural mixtures for removing moles from the face at home, including:

**Garlic as an effective treatment**: Garlic contains enzymes that contribute to dissolving the cells responsible for the appearance of moles. Applying garlic to the mole helps in shrinking it or even disappearing completely.

 **Application method**: After peeling the garlic clove, place it on the mole, cover it with a cloth, and leave it overnight. Then wash the skin well with face wash and water. Repeat this procedure once daily to get the desired results.

- **Baking soda and castor oil**: Baking soda helps remove moles thanks to its granules and antiseptic and anti-inflammatory properties. While castor oil has wonderful therapeutic properties for the skin.

 **Application method**: After mixing a teaspoon of baking soda with half a teaspoon of castor oil to obtain a homogeneous mixture, apply it to the mole and leave it overnight, then rinse with water. Repeat this mixture once daily for a week.

- **Iodine to reduce the appearance of moles**: Iodine is an effective nutrient that is involved in the formation of thyroid hormone, and helps reduce skin inflammation, kill germs, and promote wound healing, in addition to stimulating skin cell regeneration.

 **Application method**: After diluting the iodine with water, apply it to the mole using a cloth, leave it for 15 minutes, then rinse the skin with water. This procedure is repeated three times a week.

**banana peels**

Banana peels contain certain enzymes and acids that are believed to may help remove moles from the face. One of the potential benefits of using banana peel on the skin is that it acts as a natural moisturizer.

**How ​​to use:** After mashing a fresh banana peel to obtain a smooth texture, distribute it on the mole. Leave for an hour, then rinse with water. It is recommended to repeat this method once daily for 15 days to get rid of the mole permanently.

**lemonade**

Lemon has skin whitening properties and helps in exfoliation, making it an effective treatment for removing moles from the face.

**How ​​to use:** Put a little lemon juice on the mole to be removed, leave it for 15 minutes, then rinse the skin with water. It is preferable to repeat this method once daily for a week to get the best results.

**Potato slices**

Potatoes are considered a natural substance that contributes to skin whitening. Although potato slices may not completely remove the mole, it helps in fading it over time, and it also treats skin pigmentation.

**How ​​to use:** After peeling the potatoes and cutting them into slices, place the slices on the mole and leave for 15 minutes, then rinse the skin with water. It is recommended to repeat this method once daily for a week.